Java Vs C#: Which Language to Choose for Web Development in 2021?

Java Vs C#: Which Language to Choose for Web Development in 2021?

Java is an Object-oriented, general-purpose and class-based language. Developers love this language as it follows the principal – “write once, run anywhere”. The source program is converted to byte code using the compiler, and later this compiled byte code is executed on any operating system with compatible Java Runtime Environment.

C# is an Object-oriented, functional, generic and component-oriented language. It is used to build a different kind of applications; it is particularly strong at developing Windows desktop applications as well as games. Seeing the popularity of both languages it becomes a challenge for enterprises to choose between Java Vs C# for the web development purpose. Before analyzing the differences it becomes necessary to have introduction of both languages.

Introduction of Java

Developed by Sun Microsystems and being a class-based, object-oriented multi-paradigm language it follows the WORA concept. It offers its applications in web development and other Android-based software for several devices. High-level applications comprise of embedded systems, desktop, and applications. Devices including smart phones, ATMs, and home security systems are all powered by Java.

Primary Goals of Java:

• Application must be simple and object-oriented.
• Application must be robust and secure.
• Application must execute the high performance.
• Application must be interpreted, threaded, and dynamic.

History of Java

• In June 1991, the project development started.
• It was planned for interactive televisions.
• It was named Oak.
• Later it was named Java, inspired a coffee in Indonesia.
• In 1996, Sun Microsystems released first version as Java 1.0.
• In 1998, version 2 of Java was released with different configurations.
• In 2006, Sun renamed it as Java EE, Java ME, and Java SE.
• In Nov 2006, Sun released JVM (Java Virtual Machine)
• Now Enterprise Applications in Java has become a popular development strategy.

Features of Java

• It has a simple syntax and is easy to learn.
• It works on OOPs concepts like inheritance, abstraction, polymorphism, &encapsulation.
• Java offers Memory Management and mishandled Exceptions using Garbage Collector and Exception Handling techniques.
• It follows WORA functionality by running its applications on any platform with JRE’s help
• Java security features enable developers to develop Enterprise Applications in Java free of malware, &temper.
• Java multithreading permits the working of multiple tasks simultaneously. Hence it uses the same memory and other resources to execute different threads.
• The compiler generates bytecodes being independent of computer architecture.
• Java permits high performance with the use of compiler and programs designed to run on computer networks.

To understand Java Vs C# it is important to learn some basics of C# as well.

Introduction to C#

C# was developed by Microsoft around 2000.It is a multi-paradigm programming language. It offers programming disciplines including strongly typed, scoped, generic, and object-oriented. It is one of the programming languages that is designed for the Common Language Infrastructure.

Primary Goals of C#

• The language focused on being a modern, simple, object-oriented programming language.
• C# implementations provide support for software engineering principles. It includes array bounds checking, garbage collection, and many more.
• The language offers portability and hence can be executed on multiple platforms.
• C# provides support for internationalization.
• Applications for both embedded devices and OS are supported by C#.

History of C#

• It was designed by Andres Hejlsberg in1999.
• Initially it was named Cool which seems C-like Object-Oriented Language.
• In Nov 2005, C# 2.0 was released with tweaks.
• Later it got its name C# inspired by musical notation.

Features of C#

• It was derived from C++ and Java.
• It is part of Microsoft Visual Studio
• Memory management and garbage collection is automatic.
• Any component can be turned into a web service using built-in support.
• Supports OOP concepts including inheritance, encapsulation, polymorphism, &interfaces.
• C# introduces structures allowing primitive types to become objects.
• Reference types are initialized to null and value types are initialized to zero.
• Includes native support for the COM and windows based applications.
• Components from VB NET can be used in C# directly.

Key Differences to Understand Java Vs C#

Below is the list of points mentioned that explain the Java Vs C# performance:

• Java is a great option to build complex web-based, highly concurrent applications, while C# is perfect for game and mobile development.
• Java needs JDK, which comprises a Java compiler and runs an environment to run Java on any device, while C# libraries are being shipped with a .NET framework.
• Source code in Java is compiled into bytecode and then converted to machine code to run on any platform, while C#, a code is interpreted into bytecode which is compiled by CLR and JIT compiler.
• Java is used to build complex application in an open-source ecosystem, on the other hand, C# is mostly used to build an application for Microsoft platforms.
• Java library ecosystem is vast with properly documented, which further assist Java Development Company in developing functionality at a decent rate. C# work within the Microsoft ecosystem, which is restricted as compared to Java.
• Java activates polymorphism by default, while C# needs a “virtual” keyword in base-class and an “override” keyword in a derived class.
• Java is designed to execute on JRE, whereas C# execute on CLR.
• Java has huge community support with open-source libraries, so any need can be addressed with the libraries, whereas this quality library support is a downside for C#.

So, these differences gives a clear understanding of Java Vs C# comparison for enterprises to start the application development work.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. Which is better C# or Java?

Java is a great option for building complex web-based, highly concurrent applications, whereas C# is ideal for game development and mobile development. … Java is designed to execute on JRE (Java Runtime Environment), whereas C# is designed to execute on CLR (Common Language Runtime).

2. Why is Java used for Web applications?

Java is the first name that can be used for building complex web applications and for the software platform that used this programming language. It is widely used by development companies to build secure, robust and scalable web applications.

3. How much does it cost to develop a web application?

The cost of web application development is calculated on the basis of features and functionality needs to be integrated within.

4. What is a Java Web application?

A Java web application is a collection of dynamic resources and static resources. A Java web application is easily deployed as a Web Archive file.

Wrapping Up:

Java has a huge ecosystem; its community is constantly changing, creating new libraries, frameworks, and even tools. C#, on the other hand, is used primarily on the .NET framework. Applications built using C# would work efficiently on Microsoft-ecosystem. At the end of the day, it is the decision based on parameters including application platform, developer ease of language usage, more suited libraries and requirement. You can Hire Java Developer to build a secure, engaging & smooth web application for your business enterprise.